The following table lists the Tox21 assays currently available at NCATS. Review additional details about these assays.
|
Assay |
Assay End Point* |
Cell Type |
Assay Readout |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Cell viability |
Intracellular ATP, |
Hek293, Jurkat, HepG2, Sh-SY5Y, SK-N-SH, BJ, HUV-EC-C, MRC-5, mesangial, kidney |
Luminescence |
|
Membrane integrity |
LDH release, |
HEK293, mesangial |
Fluorescence, |
|
Mitochondrial toxicity |
Membrane potential |
HepG2 |
Fluorescence |
|
DNA damage |
Micronucleus |
CHO |
Fluorescence |
|
Cytokine |
IL-8, TNF-α |
THP-1 |
Homogenous |
|
AR, ERα, FXR, PPARδ, PPARγ, RXR, TRβ, VDR, GR, hPXR, AhR, rPXR, CAR, ERR |
Hek293, HeLa, HepG2 |
β-Lactamase reporter, |
|
|
Toxicity pathway |
AP-1, HIF-1α, SIE, NF-κB, HSR, ESRE, ARE/Nrf2, CREB, p53, real-time cytotoxicity and viability |
ME-180,HeLa, HepG2, Hek293, CHO, HCT-116, HepG2 |
β-Lactamase reporter, |
|
hERG channel |
Thallium influx |
U-2OS |
Fluorescence |
| G-protein-coupled receptor signaling | TRHR, TSHR | Hek293 | Fluorescence, Homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence |
| Enzyme activity | AChE | SH-SY5Y | Fluorescence |
| Developmental pathway | Retinol signaling, Hedgehog/Gli, SBE/Smad | C3H10T1/2, 3T3, HEK 293T | Luciferase reporter, Fluorescence |
*AChE, acetylcholinesterase; AhR, aryl hydrocarbon receptor; AP-1, activator protein-1; AR, androgen receptor; ARE/Nrf2, antioxidant response element/NF-E2 related factor 2; CAR, constitutive androstane receptor; CREB, cAMP response element binding; ERα, estrogen receptor α; ERR, estrogen-related receptor; ESRE, endoplasmic reticulum stress response element; FXR, farnesoid X receptor; GR, glucocorticoid receptor; HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α; hPXR, human pregnane X receptor; HSR, heat shock response element; IL-8, interleukin-8; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B; PPARδ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ; PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ; rPXR, rat pregnane X receptor; RXR, retinoid X receptor; SBE/Smad, Smad binding element; SIE, sis-inducible element; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α; TRβ, thyroid hormone receptor β; TRHR, thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor; TSHR, thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor; VDR, vitamin D receptor.